導讀:據星期四發表的一份研究，糟糕的飲食習慣是導致人們不健康的主要原因之一，全球近五分之一的死亡是由不良飲食習慣帶來的。
BANGKOK, Nov 29 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Poor diets are among the top causes of ill health globally, accounting for nearly one in five deaths, according to a study published on Thursday that called on governments and businesses to do more to improve eating habits.
曼谷，11月29日（英國湯森路透基金會）——據星期四發表的一份研究，糟糕的飲食習慣是導致人們不健康的主要原因之一，全球近五分之一的死亡是由不良飲食習慣帶來的。該研究呼吁政府和企業采取更多行動改善人們的飲食習慣。
Eating unhealthy food, or not having enough food - including children unable to breastfeed - contribute to widespread malnutrition, said researchers behind the latest Global Nutrition Report.
負責完成最新《全球營養報告》的研究人員說，食用不健康的食品或者不能得到足夠的食品——包括無法用母乳喂養幼兒，導致全世界出現大范圍的營養不良。
The report is an independently produced annual analysis of the state of the world’s nutrition.
該報告每年獨立完成，主要分析世界范圍內人們攝取營養的狀況。
"Diets are one of the top risk factors of morbidity and mortality in the world - more than air pollution, more than smoking," said Jessica Fanzo, a professor at Johns Hopkins University and a lead author.
本報告主要作者、美國約翰斯·霍普金斯大學的教授杰茜卡·范佐說：“飲食習慣是在全世界導致人們發病和死亡的最大風險因素之一，風險大過空氣污染和吸煙?！?/p>
"What we’re eating is killing us. So something needs to get us back on track with our food system," she said on the sidelines of a global food conference in Thailand’s capital, Bangkok.
范佐在參加泰國首都曼谷舉行的食品國際大會期間說：“我們吃的東西正在殺死我們。所以我們需要采取行動，讓食品系統回到正軌?！?/p>
She said a lack of knowledge and affordability of nutritious food, as well as ineffective supply chains, are among the factors that contribute to poor diets.
她說，缺乏有關營養豐富的食品的知識、買不起有營養的食品，以及效率低下的供應鏈是導致人們飲食習慣不好的一些原因。
The researchers analysed 194 countries and found that malnutrition could cost the world $3.5 trillion per year, including overweight and obesity which could cost $500 billion annually.
研究人員分析了194個國家的情況，發現全世界每年由于營養不良而損失3.5萬億美元，其中包括由于超重和肥胖損失的5000億美元。
Every country is battling some form of malnutrition - be it children who are anemic or too short for their age, or women who are overweight but undernourished due to unhealthy diets - and adolescence obesity rates are rising, the report said.
每個國家都在與某一類別的營養不良作斗爭——或是兒童患貧血癥抑或身高遠低于同年齡應有高度，或是女性由于不健康飲食習慣而超重且營養不足——而且青少年肥胖率正在增長，報告說。
Most countries are unlikely to meet nine global targets on nutrition that they have signed up to achieve by 2025 including adult obesity and diabetes, anemia and child health.
大多數國家不太可能完成此前承諾到2025年達到的9個全球營養目標，包括有關成年人肥胖、糖尿病和貧血以及兒童健康方面的目標。
Progress has been "unacceptably slow", the authors warned.
報告作者警告說，相關進展“緩慢到令人無法接受”。
However, there is now better and more detailed data, which has created an unprecedented opportunity to craft effective responses, according to the report.
但報告稱，現在有更好和更詳細的數據，這帶來前所未有的機遇，可以設計出有效的應對方式。
It cited Amsterdam, which faced a weight crisis among young people and set up programmes in 2012 to prevent and treat obesity, as well as facilitate learning and research on the issue.
報告援引阿姆斯特丹的案例，這座城市曾面臨年輕人體重危機，于是在2012年設立項目防止和治療肥胖，以及促進有關肥胖的科普和研究。
Initiatives included public drinking fountains, restrictions on food advertising and guidance for healthy snacks in schools. Today, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Amsterdam is leveling off, the report said.
項目提出的倡議包括設立公共飲水池、限制食品廣告以及出臺讓學校提供健康點心的指導意見。報告稱，如今在阿姆斯特丹，超重和肥胖率維持在穩定水平。
Fanzo noted that nutrition is crucial to building up immunity against disease, as well as mental cognition.
范佐指出，營養攝入對于增強免疫力預防疾病來說非常重要，對大腦認知能力來說也很重要。
"You have to care about what people are eating if you want to build the intellect of your country," she said.
她說：“如果你的國家想要提高人民整體的思維能力水平，就必須關注人們在吃些什么?！?/p>
來源:路透社
